จงเดาว่าใครที่ทำให้ทุกคนไม่ได้นอนเมื่อคืน
[jong dao wâa khrai tîi tam hâi túk kon mâi dâai nawn mêua keun]
Guess who it is that kept everyone up last night.
[ Vocabulary – – – – – *]
จง [jong] + verb : formal imperative form (used in written language)
เดา(ว่า) [dao (wâa)] : to guess
ทุกคน [túk kon] : everyone
เมื่อคืน [mêua keun] : last night
[ Grammar – – – – – *]
1.) ทำให้ [tam hâi] + someone + adj.
: to cause / to make someone adj.
Examples
คุณทำให้ผมมีความสุข
[khun tam hâi phǒm mii kwaam sùk]
You make me happy.
อะไรทำให้เธอเปลี่ยนใจ
[arai tam hâi ter plìan jai]
What made you change your mind?
2.) ไม่ได้ [mâi dâi] (+ verb) : not (negative form used with past tense)
Examples
เมื่อวาน เราไม่ได้กินข้าวนอกบ้าน
[mêua waan rao mâi dâi gin kâao nâwk bâan]
Yesterday, we didn’t eat out.
วันก่อน ผมไม่ได้ไปรับลูกที่โรงเรียน
[wan gàwn phǒm mâi dâi pai ráp lûuk tîi rong rian]
I didn’t pick up my kid from school the other day.
เขาไม่ได้มาสอบอาทิตย์ก่อน
[káo mâi dâi maa sàwp aathít gàwn]
Last week, he didn’t show up for the exams.
Note that “ไม่ได้ [mâi dâi] (+ verb)” can also be used with the present tense to deny a statement or correct someone’s misunderstanding.
Examples
ผมไม่ได้เป็นพ่อเขา
[phǒm mâi dâi pen pâw káo]
I’m not his father.
ฉันไม่ได้มาเพื่อกินฟรี
[chán mâi dâi maa pêua gin free]
I’m not here for the free food.
เขาไม่ได้ชอบกินกาแฟ
[káo mâi dâi châwp gin gaafae]
He’s not fond of coffee.
Also note that “ไม่ได้ [mâi dâai]” only means “cannot” when it follows a verb, not precedes it.
Examples
ฉันไปด้วยไม่ได้
[chán pai dûai mâi dâai]
I can’t go with you.
เธอทำกับฉันแบบนี้ไม่ได้
[ter tam gàp chán bàep níi mâi dâai]
You can’t do this to me.
เรากินเจ กินเนื้อสัตว์ไม่ได้
[rao gin jay, gin nêua sàt mâi dâai]
I’m vegan. I can’t eat meat.
If you notice, although “ไม่ได้” is generally pronounced as [mâi dâai], with the long vowel on the second syllable, when Thai people speak, we tend to pronounce the word as [mâi dâi], with the short vowel when it precedes the verb. But we always pronounce it as [mâi dâai] (long vowel) when it follows the verb or occurs at the end of a sentence.
Confused with the pronouns used in the examples?
Watch our Youtube video on personal pronouns for better understanding.
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